చల్లిన విత్తనాలు మొలకెత్తిన వాటిని సంరక్షించాలి. 20-30 రోజుల తార్వత చిన్న, చిన్న వరి మొలకలను కట్టలుగా తీసి పొలంలో నాటుతారు.
Sprinkled seeds should preserve the sprouted ones. After 20-30 days, small, small rice seedlings are bundled and planted in the field.
ఇక్కడ ప్రధానంగా వరి మొలకలు కట్టలుగా తియ్యడానికి, తిరిగి పొలంలో నాటడానికి రైతు కూలీలా అవసరం రైతుకు ఉంటుంది.
Here the farmer mainly needs a farm laborer to bundle Rice seedlings and plant them back in the field.
రైతు కూలీలు సమీకరించడం, వారికి ఇవ్వడానికి డబ్బులు సమకూర్చుకోవడం, 5-6 సార్లు పొలాన్ని దున్నడానికి డబ్బులు అనేవి రైతుకి ఉండే ప్రధాన శ్రమ.
Raising farm laborers, raising money to give to them, money to plow the field 5-6 times is the main labor of a farmer.
ఇక్కడ రైతు ప్రధాన శ్రమలైన రైతుకూలీలు , రైతుకు అయ్యే ఖర్చు తగ్గించడానికి వరి డ్రం సీడర్ ఉపయోగ పడుతుంది.
Here the main labor of the farmer is the farm laborers, who use the rice drum cedar to reduce the cost to the farmer.
ప్రధానంగా రైతు పెట్టుబడిని తగ్గించడానికి ఇది ఉపయోగ పడుతుంది.
It is mainly used to reduce farmer investment.
Paddy Drum Seeder
The transplanting of rice seedlings which is a highly
labour-intensive and expensive operation can be replaced
by direct seeding that can reduce labour needs by more
than 20 per cent in terms of working hours requirements.
Paddy drum seeder is one of the implement which can
reduced human drudgery and can successful implements
in the farmers field successfully. The seeder consists of a
seed drum, main shaft, ground wheel, floats, and handle
and joining smaller ends of frustum of cones makes the
seed to drop from the seed drum. Nine numbers of seed
metering holes of 1 cm diameter are provided along the
circumference of the drum at the both ends for a row-throw spacing of 20 cm. Two floats are provided on either
side to prevent restrict the sink age and to facilitate easy
pulling of the seeder.
Specifications
Length (cm) 200
Width (cm) 150
Height (cm) 64
Number of rows sown 4-8
Row to row spacing (cm) 20
Number of seed metering holes 9
Diameter of the metering holes (cm) 1
Number of floats 2
Weight (kg) 10
Capacity (ha/day) 1.1
Details of the direct-seeding technology (on per hectare basis)
1. Seed rate required - 40 kg
2. Time required for direct seeding – 210 - 420 minutes
(3.5 - 7 hours)
3. Labour required - 3 persons [one for pulling the drum
seeder, one to help the puller to lift the machine at
the end of the field, and one to fill/refill the seed in
the drums].
4. Weedicide use is a must, and if needed (in fields
where weed problem is high), a second application at
30 days after sowing is also done in addition to the
first application made within 2 days after sowing.
5. Paddy seeds are filled to 3/4 level in each of 2-4
drums, and once the seeder is pulled, seeds fall in 4-8
rows @ 20 cm width between the rows.
6. Conoweeders are fit into the 20 cm gap between
rows, and they are run across the field 3-4 times,
starting from 20 days after sowing.
Water management
No standing water after seeding. The field is kept wet
until panicle initiation stage and from then on 2-3 cm
standing water until 10 days before harvesting.
Weed management
Weedicide is a must; application of weedicide can be
done once or twice during the cropping period up to 40
days after seeding depending upon the condition of the
field.
Operation
Conoweeder is run in one direction only in the direction
in which the drum-seeder was pulled.
Advantages of Paddy Drum Seeder
1. Direct seeding method avoids any raising of nursery,
pulling up seedlings and transplanting them so that
labour requirement for crop establishment is
negligible.
2. Farmers can take up paddy cultivation at any time,
right away, as there is no requirement or delay of
raising a nursery.
3. Paddy cultivation using direct seeding method can be
taken up in fields which have heavy weed infestation;
although this means that weedicide application is a
must.
4. Duration of the crop can shortened by 7-10 days
compared to traditional practice.
Comparison between traditional transplanting
and direct seeding per hectare area
|
Sl. No.
|
Particulars
|
Cost of cultivation for traditional farming (Rs.)
|
Cost of cultivation for paddy drum seeder (Rs.)
|
|
1
|
Land preparation
|
800.00
|
Nil
|
|
2
|
Seed cost
|
1500.00
|
1000.00
|
|
3
|
Fertilizer (urea-10kg+DAP 3kg + MOP3kg)
|
130.00
|
Nil
|
|
4
|
Sowing
|
500.00
|
Nil
|
|
5
|
Miscellaneous (irrigation and plant protection)
|
1250.00
|
Nil
|
|
6
|
Land preparation
|
6000.00
|
6000.00
|
|
7
|
. Fertilizer (60:40:30 kg/ha)
|
6330.00
|
6330.00
|
|
8
|
Uprooting
|
1500.00
|
Nil
|
|
9
|
Transplanting /Seeding
|
9200.00
|
920.00
|
|
10
|
Weeding
|
9200.00
|
1840.00
|
|
11
|
Plant protection chemicals
|
2000.00
|
2000.00
|
|
12
|
Plant protection
|
750.00
|
750.00
|
|
13
|
Reaping
|
9200.00
|
9200.00
|
|
14
|
Threshing and winnowing
|
14000.00
|
14000.00
|
|
|
|
Rs. 62360.00
|
Rs. 42040.00
|
-------------MAHATHI.
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